Pediatric Acute-onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS) and Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal Infections (PANDAS) represent a devastating class of infection-triggered autoimmune encephalopathies. Characterized by the abrupt, dramatic onset of obsessive-compulsive behaviors, severe anxiety, tics, and cognitive regression, these conditions transform a child's life overnight. The current standard of care utilizes a "three-pronged" approach: antimicrobial eradication, immunomodulatory therapies (IVIG, plasmapheresis), and psychiatric management. However, a significant cohort of patients remains refractory to these approaches, often due to established neuroinflammation, a compromised Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB), and profound neuronal metabolic failure.