Transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM), a non-invasive therapy utilizing near-infrared (NIR) light to stimulate brain function, represents a paradigm shift in the management of complex neurological and psychiatric conditions. This article provides a comprehensive review of the scientific evidence supporting tPBM. We explore its core mechanisms of action, including the enhancement of mitochondrial respiration, increased cerebral blood flow, and reduction of neuroinflammation. We then analyze the growing body of clinical evidence—from case studies to randomized controlled trials—demonstrating its therapeutic potential and robust safety profile across conditions such as traumatic brain injury (TBI), dementia, Parkinson's disease, depression, anxiety, and PTSD, a therapy we are proud to pioneer here in Minnesota.